Restoring Coral Reefs

Coral reefs are often called the "rainforests of the sea." Although they cover only a tiny part of the ocean floor, they provide a home for an enormous number of fish and other sea creatures. In recent years, however, many of the world's reefs have been badly （ 1 ）. When the ocean becomes too warm, corals lose their bright colors and may die. Pollution from the land and careless fishing have also harmed these important and beautiful places.

To help, teams of scientists and volunteers have begun to rebuild damaged reefs. In some projects, they grow small pieces of healthy coral in safe, protected areas of the sea, almost like an underwater garden. （ 2 ） the young corals have grown strong enough, divers carefully attach them to the damaged reef. Over the following years, fish and other animals slowly return, and the reef gradually comes back to life.

Protecting and restoring reefs is not only good for sea animals. Healthy reefs also protect the coast by reducing the power of large ocean waves before they reach the shore. In addition, colorful reefs attract many tourists, who bring money to local towns and villages. （ 3 ）, saving coral reefs helps both the natural world and the people who live beside the sea. For this reason, many governments have created protected areas where fishing and building are strictly controlled. Local people are also taught how to enjoy the reefs without harming them, for example by not touching the coral while they are swimming.